The Turnaround At Ford Company - 1568 Words

The Turnaround At Ford The Ford company had always been a major player in the growth of the US economy, being one of the Big Three (along with GM and Chrysler) in the US automobile industry. Ford has been credited for having made the automobile attainable to the middle-class that emerged through the 20th to the 21st centuries, due in part to its refinement of the assembly line concept. It was the first manufacturing company to make use of the moving assembly line, which created so much efficiency that made owning a car highly affordable to the common American. So for decades, Ford and the automotive industry had been one of the leading big employers in the US, contributing to its booming economy. For years, US carmakers like Ford†¦show more content†¦To compound matters, the accompanying financial crisis of the 2008 recession spurred the industry to slash costs and boost efficiency. The Big Three scrambled with their own restructuring efforts that included factory closures, divesting of nonperforming models and brands, and most of all – decreasing labor costs. (Davis, 2012) The Big Three, of course including Ford, now were faced with a huge labor machinery that it was not able to sustain – especially with a labor force that is ageing, has relatively higher wages vis a vis foreign carmakers’ workers, as well as very competitive retirement benefits packages. Another important factor that contributed to the labor surplus in Ford, as in the US auto industry, is the fact that before, the unions kept a lot of auto workers happy and contented in their work environment for decades. Some Ford analysts blame those legacy costs (e.g. retiree health care and pensions) for adding to Ford’s troubles. When the economy was booming, the unions coddled the workers, while the Big Three reveled in their seemingly immovable positions. Nobody read the signs of the times and so were caught unawares that economic conditions were changing, or when they did, believed that the automakers could handle it, as much as they handled the 1973 oil embargo. (Davis, 2012) Ford, like the big US carmakers, did not foresee that the increased globalization and the elimination of international trade protection laws brought in moreShow MoreRelatedThe Turnaround Ford Motor Company1684 Words   |  7 PagesFord Motor Company was launched in a converted factory in 1903 with $28,000 in cash from twelve investors. It would go on to become one of the worlds largest and most profitable companies. It is one of the largest family-controlled companies in the world and has been in continuous family control for over 100 years. Ford Motor Company is an American multinational corporation and the worlds third largest automaker based on worldwide vehicle sales. Its overseas business encompasses only one trulyRead MoreAlan Mulally’s Restructur ing of Ford Motor Company623 Words   |  3 PagesMulally’s Restructuring of Ford Motor Company Alan Mulally’s Restructuring of Ford Motor Company Case Study Alan Mulally received an opportunity to turn around one of the most famous brand names in the United States. Ford was struggling; losing more than 12.7 million in 2006 (Nelson p558) and desperately needed a change. Alan Mulally took the challenge, and stated he would do what many thought was impossible at the time – make Ford profitable. He did just that. Mulally knew Ford had issues and theRead MoreHow The Turnaround Team May Have Used Gerard And Teurfs Transformation Skills770 Words   |  4 PagesDescribe how the turnaround team may have used Gerard and Teurfs’ transformation skills to overcome the frustration of employees? The turnaround team should consider creating a community through dialog with emphasis on listening. Creating a corporate culture that encourages listening as a communication skill will open up communication channels between management and employees. The turnaround team would then seek the opinions and ideas of employees to create the new code of ethical conduct. ThisRead More Values-Based Leadership1409 Words   |  6 Pagesseen in operation in the following companies: Nestle The company’s management and leadership principles state that â€Å"people are Nestlà ©Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s most important asset.† The Nestle chief executive officer Peter Brabeck- Letmathe says that all this is embodied in the talents that the company nurtures. He says that We want to make sure that employees at all our regional companies maintain their original cultures, but follow the same Nestle principles. (Igor, 2004) The company spends heavily on training andRead MoreMerger Between Daimler And Chrysler1465 Words   |  6 Pagesdemand in the automotive sector. Daimler is considered one of the most successful and profitable automotive companies across the globe. Founded in 1893 as the Daimler Motor Syndicate Ltd, its growth and expansion in the automotive sector has been facilitated by the need to meet the interests and needs of its key stakeholders (Barnard, 1998). The vehicles that are manufactured by the company are of high standard and the quality is top-notch. Most of its customers are concerned with the satisfactionRead MoreFord Motor Company Essay760 Words   |  4 PagesFord motor company: The Ford Empire was almost a century old. After a series of great growth periods and high revenues, the company from early 2004 to 2008 has been hit by the recession and very challenging times. The decision to invite an outsider as the CEO of Ford motors was to take a fresh and rather novel view of Ford operations and to look at it unbiased. Ford appears on the list of the world’s most ethical companies its commitment to stakeholder engagement, corporate governance, sustainabilityRead MoreThe Merger Between American Car Manufacturer Chrysler And Its Foreign Counterpart1413 Words   |  6 Pagesvarious setbacks and failures both had experienced. As the world grows smaller through interconnectivity, the only real option these big car companies have left to grow is to expand internationally. This alliance is a good way to expand into new markets with partners who have experience conducting business in vastly different markets. Seeing as both companies have placed sufficient trust in one another to share technology and resources there is a much greater guarantee that this partnership will outlastRead MoreFord Motor Company Case Study959 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Last May, Ford, once again, was in the limelight by its recent ousting of CEO Mike Fields and replacing him with Jim Hackett. After the news, shareholders appeared pleased and Wall Street delivered a small boost to the bedraggled automaker. The question is whether this is truly the beginning of a turnaround for Ford’s shares, or will the company’s perennial pain continue for the duration? Ford stock has always been volatile and is oftentimes difficult to pin down. This paper will focusRead MoreSwot Analysis Of Ford Motor Company1325 Words   |  6 Pagesautomotive industry is capital-intensive and Ford is no exception. When it needs extra cash and liquidity Ford taps the debt-markets. Automobile companies also need funding for their credit subsidiaries in order to offer financing to car buyers and leasers. Investors purchase bonds of a company and are referred to as debt-holders of the company. Should a company go bankrupt, these debt-holders then enjoy precedence over shareholders because the company must honor its debt before paying its shareholdersRead MoreAmerican Automobile Industry1162 Words   |  5 Pagesgrowing and with this growth we see a need for energy and with it has come a high price at the pump. Ford Motor Co. and General Motors Corp. due to a lack of planning, inability to adjust to this energy crisis, and other problems have led to massive losses. With investors anxious for change, American auto industry in order to compete in the car industry has sought ways to cut their costs. Both Ford and GM have resolved to plant closed downs and massive layoffs. To compete with foreign automakers

Assisted Suicide Is Not Common For All Areas Throughout...

Assisted Suicide Imagine being diagnosed with a life-ending disease and experiencing such excruciating pain that doctors say cannot be healed. Pain is a terrible thing to experience, especially when it is permanent. What can be done to relieve that pain? What if the only option to rid the pain from the patient is death? No one knows how that feels until it happens to them, that is why assisted suicide is used. Assisted suicide is a practice throughout most of the United States that terminates the lives of dying patients. This process is when patients are in agonizing pain that is too overwhelming to bear; therefore they beg physicians to end their lives. Physicians have the ability to end a patient’s life by withholding medication or removing the patient from a life supporting device. Patients have to meet certain requirements before the procedure can be completed. Many people wish that this practice was legal, but there are others that do not believe in it. Legalized physician assiste d suicide is not common in all areas throughout the United States. There are many different views about physician assisted suicide, and the subject is a rather touchy one to discuss. There are many details about this issue that many people are not informed about like the past situations dealing with assisted suicide and physicians, areas that allow the procedure to be done, and the rules and regulations that patients have to meet before anything can be done. There are several differentShow MoreRelatedThe Controversy Of The Practice Of Euthanasia1605 Words   |  7 Pagesphysically hurt anyone. You could say it hurts the patient but then again that patient is already in tremendous pain or in an incapacitated state of no recovery, as in paralyzed or brain damage etc., so in reality it would actually help them by assisting ending their pain by assisted suicide. A doctors job is also always help their patients and the practice of assisted suicide in many ways is actually helping the person. However there has and probably always will be people who do not agree with the idea ofRead MoreThe Concept and Origin of the Assisted Suicide Movement3079 Words   |  12 Pagesthe notion of assisted suicide, wherein the individual who wishes to end his or her own life is assisted by someone else, usually a physician. As Werner (2005, p. 135) notes, straightforward answers to the difficult questions concerning the issues of euthanasia and assisted suici de are not yet available, but one can at least have a more robust conception of the issues history, which in turn allows one to confront the contemporary discussion with greater insight. In the United States the topic roseRead MoreThe Death Of Assisted Suicide Essay2311 Words   |  10 Pagesthe consent of a patient. Assisted suicide is a practice that is closely related to euthanasia. Assisted suicide occurs when â€Å"one person gives another person the instructions, means, or capability to bring about their own demise (Smith).† In the United States, euthanasia is currently illegal in every state. However, assisted suicide is legal in a few states, including California, Montana, Oregon, Vermont, and Washington. (State-By-State) In Canada, physician assisted suicide was deemed to be legalRead MoreEuthanasia: Dying with Dignity Essay3326 Words   |  14 PagesAccording to a 1993 survey of 150 United States and Canadian medical schools, for example, only fourteen percent of modern oaths prohibit euthanasia, eleven percent hold covenant with a deity, eight percent foreswear abortion, and a mere three percent forbid sexual contact with patients—all maxims held sacred in the classical version. (Tyson, 2014) That is proof that the Hippocratic Oath should not be preventing euthanasia from becoming legalized into the United States. However, Doctor Jack KevorkianRead MoreFinal International Emergency Disaster Management1638 Words   |  7 Pagesknowledge to mitigate them. As counties adopt this universal system, it provides them with an easier way to give and receive outside aid before, throughout and after an event or disaster. Although very similar there seems to always be some differences around the world. Emergency management and disaster response in France is very similar to the United States. Because of these similarities each country partially relies on each other for aid and support. The mutual agreement makes it a smoother transactionRead MoreEssay about Euthanasia Should Be Legal3711 Words   |  15 PagesEuthanasia is a controversial issue. Many different opinions have been formed. From doctors and nurses to family members dealing with loved ones in the hospital, all of them h ave different ideas for the way they wish to die. However, there are many different issues affecting the legislation and beliefs of legalizing euthanasia. Taking the following aspects into mind, many may get a different understanding as to why legalization of euthanasia is necessary. Some of these include: misunderstanding ofRead MoreEuthanasia and Physician-Assisted Suicide3099 Words   |  12 PagesFinding common ground on questions like euthanasia and Physician Assisted Suicide (PAS) will never be possible, given the strong religious convictions that many Christians, Jews and Muslims have always had against any form of self-destruction. For them, suicide is a sin and killing is always wrong, except of course in wartime situations or when the state has to use force in policing and maintaining order. Their views are based on the Bible or other sacred writings as well as strongly-held religiousRead MoreThe Supremacy Clause : Conflict Between Federal And State Law1656 Words   |  7 PagesFederal and State Law as it relates to Medical Marijuana The American Constitution provides for a division of government powers between the federal and state governments, as well as provides solutions in an event of conflict between these two governments. The Supremacy Clause is derived through Constitutional Law and determines that the Constitution, Federal statutes, and United States treaties contain the â€Å"supreme law of the land†, creating the framework for the highest areas of law withinRead MoreD-Day The Invasion Of Normandy Essay1550 Words   |  7 Pagesboth the eastern and western front, and caused him to lose power. If the Allied Powers did not succeed On D-Day, Hitler would’ve taken over all of Europe. In a document written by General Dwight Eisenhower he persuades the allied powers to invade Normandy. Dwight Eisenhower was born on October 14, 1890. Eisenhower became the 34th president of the United States. He served as the president from January 20, 1953 through January 20, 1961. Before his presidency D wight participated in World War I and earnedRead MoreYouth Drug Use And Addiction1677 Words   |  7 PagesYouth Drug Use and Addiction Youth in the United States face challenges every day, some more than others. These challenges can be difficult to navigate and can leave these young people finding alternative ways to cope with the stress that accompanies these challenges. According to CBS News reports a recent survey indicates approximately two million teens between the ages of 12 and 17 currently need treatment for a substance abuse problem, but only about 150,000 get the help they need. This high

Determinants of National Public Health Nutrition

Question: Discuss about the Determinants of National Public Health Nutrition. Answer: Introduction There exist significant inequalities in health between non-indigenous and indigenous Australians. The social and economic conditions in which they reside in shape the health disadvantages that are experienced by the indigenous Australians. Indigenous Australians presently experience more disability, injury and illness compared to other Australians. They also die at younger ages which are evidenced by research on the life expectancy between the Indigenous and non-indigenous people. In this paper, some of the risk factors that are closely related to the social and economic determinants of health are discussed. These include some socioeconomic status such as income, employment, and education that provide a health gap of around a third and nearly half of the population in Australia. The determinants of health are therefore outlined and discussed below. (Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Performance Framework 2010 report, 2011) Healthy behaviors as a determinant of health factors Healthy behaviors are represented and recognized as proximal determinants of health. Among Aboriginal individuals, the most relevant behaviors of health include the over misuse of alcohol which relates to the increased cases of mortalities and unreasonable smoking. The health consequences are expressed clearly in the high incidences of heart illnesses and lung cancer. Poor care in the prenatal period, as well as smoking and drinking during pregnancy, has been associated with poor emotional, intellectual and physical development among children of aboriginal origin. Finally, insufficient exercise and poor nutrition have been linked to the epidemic of type ii diabetes in adults of first nations and increased prevalence among first nations youth. These behaviors influence health and must be considered within the socio-political context of aboriginal peoples lives lest a person-centered perspective predominate the analysis. (Baum, 2013) The nutritional status and wellbeing of indigenous people are related to the socioeconomic disadvantages, social, geographical, and environmental factors. Poor nutrition is a predominant risk factor for overweight and obesity, malnutrition, cardiovascular diseases, type ii diabetes, osteoporosis, tooth decay and certain cancers. (Baum, 2014) Fruit and vegetable diet is strongly linked to preventing chronic diseases and to better health hence the nutritional status of the Australian people is usually outlined by the assessment of the amount of the consuming of vegetables and fruits on a daily basis. A study conducted on 2004 provided data on the consumption of salt and milk by people of the indigenous background. The study showed that people aged 13 years or older,87% reported to usually adding salt after cooking compared with 75% of those living in non-remote areas. The level of consumption of whole milk for non-indigenous people was slightly more than one-half of the level of consum ption of the aboriginal, indigenous people. (Baum, Newman and Biedrzycki, 2012) People living in rural and remote places of Australia are often restrained in their food choices because of transport, geographical or climate conditions and cost of food hence creating barriers for the adequate and accessible supply of food. An environmental health study conducted in 2008 found that 15% of Indigenous people reported a lack of access to fresh food, fruit, and vegetables which were a reduction from the 19% of the communities that had been surveyed in 2005. (Caltabiano and Ricciardelli, 2013) The national health council and medical research has recommended consumption of daily intake of at least two serves of vegetables and fruits and also to limit the use of saturated fats, moderation of total fat intake and choice of low salt foods. This is because, in 2002, low vegetable and fruit intake contributed to about 3.7% of the total disease burden and 5.8% deaths among the indigenous people. Therefore, it can be affirmed that the unhealthy behaviors practiced by the people of aboriginal background affect their health negatively compared to the non-indigenous people. (Carson, 2012) Income and employment as determinants of health factors The possession of a job and income have shown to have a positive influence on the individual health and wellbeing of a person. A long duration of unemployment characterized by the absence of the labor market force and the frequent changes in the status of employment have been revealed to possess detrimental effects on an individuals health. This can also be seen by the above association with poverty and prior ill health. However, there exists complexity in the impact of the participation of the labor workforce on the wellbeing of Torres Strait Islander individuals and is more likely to be influenced by factors that are different to those affecting and influencing non-indigenous people. (Chronic diseases and associated risk factors in Australia, 2012, 2013) The nature of employment and the experience of employment by the indigenous people may also have an impact on the health advantages they gain through the employment. The positive health effects have been shown to diminish due to the little control of the individuals with short term, low paid and low skilled jobs. (Comfort and McCausland, 2013) This has been facilitated also by the racism experience and discrimination in the place of work hence pointing out evidence that shows that Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander jobs are mainly influenced by these factors. Conversely, the low health profile of the indigenous people of aboriginal background has shown to act as a barrier to the increase in the population rate. Studies have revealed that the poor health of members of the family was a basic reason for the lowered and reduced labor workforce participation among women. Men also showed that their diminished health also restricted their overall cooperation. In 2009, 55% of Indigenous Australians were fully employed compared to the 77% of the non-indigenous people. (Commers, 2013) The Council of Australian state has set a target aimed to halve the gap in the job employment within a decade where an additional of about 100,000 indigenous Australians will have jobs by 2019 to achieve this target. There exists substantial evidence from local and international studies that associate low socioeconomic status to bad health. Low income has been linked with a larger range of disadvantages that include shorter life expectancy, poor health, misuse of substances, and poor education. There also exists some manifestations of reduced participation in social activities and presence of violence and crimes. In 2009, about half of indigenous people existed in the bottom 21% of the average family incomes. The cost has been classified as a barrier to the access of health care by these people, therefore, having a little income which is combined with high food costs in the remote areas, has seen people choose low-cost alternatives which are likely unhealthy than fresh vegetables and fruit and protein-rich meats which are more costly. This impacts their health negatively compared to those non-indigenous individuals who have better income and employment opportunities. (Dixon, 2012) Education as a determinant of health factors Early childhood has been seen to be a critical period in human development. Studies have shown that the experiences children experience in the early life set biological and neurological pathways that exhibit lifelong impacts on learning, behavior and their overall health. The Council of Australian government has made the universal access to early childhood education for all children a priority and commitment. This commitment also includes ensuring all four-year-olds children in the indigenous communities have access to the early childhood learning within the next five years i.e. by 2013. (Communicating the economics of social determinants of health and health inequalities, 2013) Research has shown education to be a principal factor in the improvement of health and wellbeing. For example, greater levels of learning are associated with a better perception of lifestyles that are healthy and optimal health care practice. The high mortality rate is seen with those of lower education level particular for those with smoking associated illnesses. Those who remain at school tend to drink less alcohol, exhibit more activeness and smoke less than those not in school which reduces the risk factors of chronic conditions and illnesses in adults. (Hughes, 2012) Currently, most children in the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander background do not satisfy the set least standards for numeracy, reading, and writing. Few students in the indigenous population complete year 12 compared to children from other backgrounds. The Council of Australian government has set a commitment and objective to halve that gap in writing, reading, and numeracy by 2019 and also half the 12-year gap or equivalent rates of attainment by 2020s. (Mikkonen and Raphael, 2010) Having better outcomes at school supports further employment and education prospects. The advocacy of strong networks both at home and through involvement in the education system is vital for the improvement of the attendance of school hence improving education outcomes. The council agreed to introduce several reforms in education to improve the positive outcomes for the Torres Strait Islander children hence minimizing inequalities. This includes the incorporation of the aboriginal education action plan and the partnership on early childhood development as well as various reforms that will improve the quality of early childhood services and schools. This actions will promote better outcomes for the universities and training providers. There is a well-established association between education and the achievement of good health. The need for the schools to become culturally effective and safe for Aboriginal children has been highlighted by the significant lower literacy and numerical skills found in this children. Some of the strategies to improve the communitys health and wellbeing through education include, having a positive expectation of students, promoting strong Aboriginal identities and incorporating indigenous cultures, knowledge, and languages in the education curricula and policies. Provision of extensive and intensive support services for the students will ensure access to high standards and quality primary health care. This support in education approaches will provide a positive impact on the health of the indigenous population of Australians. Housing as a determinant of health factors Research studies have shown that living in low quality, insecure or unaffordable houses can be associated with low levels of health. The stress that is related to overcrowding, lack of housing affordability and difficult in-house access has been seen to adversely affect health. Healthy transport means the reduction of car and vehicle use and increments in walking, cycling, and public transport system. Facilities close to home facilitate modes of healthy transport hence increasing health promotion. Healthy transport ensures healthy food, facilities, services and social contact. (Nelson, 2014) The factors related to housing which include homelessness, overcrowding, tenure in housing and infrastructure have significant impacts on the health of a population. This infrastructure includes a reliable supply of power and a clean water sewerage system. The housing factors above are related to the infectious diseases such as tuberculosis, meningitis and skin and respiratory diseases. The latest study on overcrowding reveals that in 2007 almost 26% of the Aboriginal Australians lived in congested households. This overcrowding was mostly present in the remote and distant areas. Residing in a crowded homestead also makes it difficult for students to get a quiet and suitable environment to study. A healthy home is vital in the precondition of a healthy population. The Australian government has set objectives through partnerships in remote Indigenous housing and homelessness which will initiate various housing and health programs. (Rine, 2016) Physical environments, therefore, play a significant role in determining the health of a population. The most pervasive conditions and outcomes of this surroundings include poor quality of existing homes and shortages in substantial housing. Numerous on reserve homes tend to be overcrowded hence lacking appropriate ventilation resulting in excessive moulds which have been associated with several health conditions such as allergies and severe asthma among aboriginal children. These conditions affect their health negatively. It is therefore assumed that improving the health safety hardware of houses would consequently promote better health hence the incorporation of important aspects of various programs that include focusing on improving physical infrastructure related to sanitation, and the preparation of adequate water and food supply. Securing the support and collaboration of the housing associations and the aboriginal communities is also important. It is, therefore, essential that these programs enable indigenous families to remain in their homes and prevent these families from becoming homeless. These initiatives will enhance a positive impact on their health and wellbeing. (Williams, 2013) Conclusion Being of health shapes an individuals economic and education success and also influences their family and broader community wellbeing. So it is essential that programs and initiatives continue to be focused on health as well as situations in which people live and work in. Improvements to optimum health take time. All stakeholders that include Aboriginal individuals and communities, indigenous health care providers, Torres Strait Islander government, and groups should work together to improve the wellbeing and health of all people. Therefore, the improvement of health requires the government to partner with service providers and Torres Strait Islander individuals in coming up with the most appropriate solutions hence effecting change. The government, therefore, need to implement a health plan that will take into account the main issues which affect the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples health. References Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Performance Framework 2010 report. (2011). 1st ed. Canberra, A.C.T .: Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, pp.17-34. Baum, F. (2013). Comprehensive primary health care and social determinants as top priorities. The Medical Journal of Australia, 199(4), p.233. Baum, F. (2014). Comprehensive primary health care and social determinants as top priorities. The Medical Journal of Australia, 200(2), pp.86-87. Baum, F., Newman, L. and Biedrzycki, K. (2012). Vicious cycles: digital technologies and determinants of health in Australia. Health Promotion International, 29(2), pp.349-360. Caltabiano, M. and Ricciardelli, L. (2013). Applied topics in health psychology. 1st ed. Chichester, West Sussex: John Wiley Sons, pp.78-95. Carson, B. (2012). Social determinants of indigenous health. 1st ed. Crows Nest, N.S.W.: Allen Unwin, pp.114-135. Chronic diseases and associated risk factors in Australia, 2012. (2013). 1st ed. Canberra, A.C.T.: Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, pp.16-24. Comfort, J. and McCausland, K. (2013). Health priorities and perceived health determinants among Western Australians attending the 2011 LGBTI Perth Pride Fairday Festival. Health Promotion Journal of Australia, pp.78-112. Commers, M. (2013). Determinants of health. 1st ed. Dordrecht: Springer, pp.6-12. Communicating the economics of social determinants of health and health inequalities. (2013). 1st ed. Geneva: World Health Organization, pp.17-32. Dixon, J. (2012). Social Determinants of Health. Health Promotion International, 15(1), pp.87-89. Hughes, R. (2012). A Socioecological Analysis of the Determinants of National Public Health Nutrition Work Force Capacity. Family Community Health, 29(1), pp.55-67. Mikkonen, J. and Raphael, D. (2010). Social determinants of health. 1st ed. [Toronto]: [York University, School of Health Policy and Management], pp.98-112. Nelson, M. (2014). Comprehensive primary health care and social determinants as top priorities. The Medical Journal of Australia, 200(2), p.86. Rine, C. (2016). Social Determinants of Health: Grand Challenges in Social Works Future. Health Social Work, 41(3), pp.143-145. Williams, G. (2013). The determinants of health: structure, context and agency. Sociology of Health Illness, 25(3), pp.131-154.

The Acceptibility of Coconut Shell as an Art Paper Essay Example For Students

The Acceptibility of Coconut Shell as an Art Paper Essay The Acceptability of pulverized coconut shell (Cocos Nucifera) as an art paper BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Our world today is faced with many problems. One major problem is the depletion of natural resources. Trees, for example, are cut out because they will be used in making different products such as papers. This will branch out to many problems like global warming. In this research, coconut shell (Cocos nucifera) will be tested to see if it can be used as an alternative in making art paper. We chose to make a research about paper since its demand is high. Papers are widely used everyday. This research will be conducted within the campus of BHC. Within this research project, researchers will make various proportions of pulverized shells. Researchers will use starch with 20 ml water to put the materials together. This liquid concentration will be our dependent variable. Researchers will make their independent variable into three different proportions. 75g powdered coconut shell and 25 g shredded old newspaper; 50g powdered coconut shell and 50g shredded old newspaper; 25g powdered coconut shell and 75g shredded old newspaper. We will write a custom essay on The Acceptibility of Coconut Shell as an Art Paper specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now This will help us to test the toughness of the art paper particularly art papers used as corkboards. We chose to use coconut shell because of its high durability and because it is the most versatile part of the part of the coconut. This will help us in protecting our nature and at the same time, the product will be more affordable since the materials used are cheaper. Coconut shell (Cocos nucifera) is the most versatile part of the coconut. The shell is inorganic in nature; this will help make our product eco-friendly. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM The researcher aims to study on the acceptability of the pulverized coconut shell as an art paper. Specifically, it aims to answer the following questions: 1. How will the use of pulverized coconut shell affect the a. Durability of the paper? b. Color of the paper? c. Texture of the paper? d. Thickness of the paper? 2. What will be the effect of the pulverized coconut shell on the art papers in terms of: a. Durability of the paper? b. Color of the paper? c. Texture of the paper? d. Thickness of the paper? 3. Are there significant differences between the product and any commercial art paper in terms of: a. Durability of the paper? b. Color of the paper? c. Texture of the paper? d. Thickness of the paper? HYPOTHESIS 1. The use of pulverized coconut shell as an alternative material in making art paper will not affect the color, durability and texture of the art paper. 2. There is no effect on the color, durability and texture of the art paper when pulverized coconut shell is used. 3. There is no significant difference between the product and any commercial art paper. SCOPE AND DELIMITATION The study focuses on making art paper form pulverized coconut shell. The study aims to look for alternative material in making art paper to decrease the cutting of trees where papers come from. The study will be conducted within the campus of BHC. The selection of respondents are only limited to high school students, specifically, students who are wide users of art paper. This study will be conducted from June 2010 until March 2011. Our study does not offer a solution for the excessive cutting of trees. It will only help lower the chance of such activities. This study is just an experiment to test if pulverized coconut shell can be use as an alternative material in making art paper.

48 Inspiring, Wise, and Witty Quotes to End Your Emails

48 Inspiring, Wise, and Witty Quotes to End Your Emails Your email signature- an optional footer you can add to every message you send out- is an ideal place to put your name and contact information, so people can easily reach you in a variety of ways. If youre using personal email, its also a field where you might add a quote- a few short words that are inspiring, wise, or humorous to enlighten the reader. The remarks of famous writers, politicians, activists, and entertainers can serve as personal statements in the digital age. Find a quote that speaks to you and then use it as a sign-off at the end of your emails. Inspiring Quotes These quotes from Maya Angelou to Confucius to Mark Twain were handpicked to help the seeker in all of us- to keep us bounding forward even during the most challenging days. Maya Angelou We may encounter many defeats, but we must not be defeated. Walter Bagehot The great pleasure in life is doing what people say you cannot do. Simone de Beauvoir Change your life today. Dont gamble on the future, act now, without delay. Josh Billings To bring up a child in the way he should go, travel that way yourself once in a while. Confucius The more man meditates upon good thoughts, the better will be his world and the world at large. William Hazlitt The more we do, the more we can do. Gary Player The harder you work, the luckier you get. Jim Rohn Discipline is the bridge between goals and accomplishment. Eleanor Roosevelt With the new day comes new strength and new thoughts. Charles R. Swindoll Life is 10 percent what happens to you and 90 percent how you react to it. Rabindranath Tagore You cant cross the sea merely by standing and staring at the water. Mark Twain The secret of getting ahead is getting started. Wise Quotes An email signature can be a place to share a nugget of wisdom, something that expresses your personal values or outlook on life. If you work in education, you might choose a quote about teaching or learning. If youre a writer or a painter, you might choose a quote about the power of art. Bill Clinton There is nothing wrong with America that cannot be cured by what is right with America. Paul Ehrlich To err is human, but to really foul things up you need a computer. Euripides Friends show their love in times of trouble, not in happiness. Robert Frost In three words I can sum up everything Ive learned about life. It goes on. Gandhi There are limits to self-indulgence, none to self-restraint. Khalil Gibran The teacher who is indeed wise does not bid you to enter the house of his wisdom but rather leads you to the threshold of your mind. Omar Khayyam Be happy for this moment. This moment is your life. Thomas La Mance Life is what happens to us while we are making other plans. Jawaharlal Nehru Life is like a game of cards. The hand that is dealt you represents determinism; the way you play it is free will. General George S. Patton Jr. Never tell people how to do things. Tell them what to do and they will surprise you with their ingenuity. Pablo Picasso The purpose of art is washing the dust of daily life off our souls. Josiah Royce Thinking is like loving and dying. Each of us must do it for himself. Rumi Let the beauty of what you love be what you do. Bertrand Russell No one gossips about other peoples secret virtues. George Sand There is only one happiness in this life, to love and be loved. William Shakespeare A fool thinks himself to be wise, but a wise man knows himself to be a fool. Robert S. Surtees It is better to be killed than frightened to death. Oscar Wilde Keep love in your heart. A life without it is like a sunless garden when the flowers are dead. William Butler Yeats Education is not the filling of a pail, but the lighting of a fire. Witty Quotes Email signatures dont have to be serious. If youre known for being lighthearted and making people laugh, you might be happier using a funny email signature, such as a quote from a comedian. A snappy one-liner or a clever zinger can leave the person on the other end with a smile- just be sure you know your audience well. Fred Allen I dont want to own anything that wont fit into my coffin. Woody Allen I am thankful for laughter, except when milk comes out of my nose. Louis Hector Berlioz Time is a great teacher, but unfortunately, it kills all its pupils. Red Buttons Never raise your hands to your kids. It leaves your groin unprotected. George Carlin The day after tomorrow is the third day of the rest of your life. Lawrence Ferlinghetti If youre too open-minded, your brains will fall out. Carrie Fisher Instant gratification takes too long. Benjamin Franklin Keep your eyes wide open before marriage, and half-shut afterward. Fran Lebowitz Youre only as good as your last haircut. P.J. ORourke Cleanliness becomes more important when godliness is unlikely. Charles M. Schulz I never made a mistake in my life. I thought I did once, but I was wrong. George Bernard Shaw Youth is wasted on the young. Lily Tomlin Man invented language to satisfy his deep need to complain. Mark Twain Go to Heaven for the climate, Hell for the company. Never put off until tomorrow what you can do the day after tomorrow. Mae West I generally avoid temptation unless I cant resist it. Steven Wright If at first you dont succeed, then skydiving definitely isnt for you.

Asking for Directions in German

Asking for Directions in German In this lesson youll learn German vocabulary and grammar related to going places, asking for simple directions, and receiving directions. This includes useful phrases such as  Wie  komme  ich  dorthin? for How do I get there? Youll find all of this very helpful when traveling in Germany, so lets start the lesson. The Tips You Need to Ask for Directions in German Asking  for directions is easy.  Understanding the torrent of German you may get back is another story. Most German textbooks and courses teach you how to  ask  the questions, but fail to deal adequately with the  understanding  aspect. Thats why we will also teach you some coping skills to help in such situations.   For example, you can ask your question in such a way that it will elicit a simple ja (yes) or nein  (no), or a simple left, straight ahead, or right answer. And dont forget that hand signals always work, no matter the language. Asking Where: Wo  vs.  Wohin German has two question words for asking where. One is wo? and is used when asking the location of someone or something. The other is wohin? and this is used when asking about motion or direction, as in where to. For instance, in English, you would use where to ask both Where are the keys? (location) and Where are you going? (motion/direction). In German these two questions require two different forms of where. Wo  sind die Schlà ¼ssel?  (Where are the keys?)​Wohin  gehen Sie?  (Where are you going?) In English, this can be compared to the difference between the location question wheres it at? (poor English, but it gets the idea across) and the direction question where to? But in German you can only use  wo?  for wheres it at? (location) and  wohin?  for where to? (direction).  This is a rule that cannot be broken. There are times when  wohin gets split in two, as in: Wo gehen Sie hin? But you cant use wo without hin to ask about motion or direction in German, they must both be included in the sentence. Directions (Richtungen) in German Now lets look at some common words and expressions related to directions and the places we might go. This is essential vocabulary that you will want to memorize. Notice that in some of the phrases below, the gender (der/die/das) may affect the article, as in in  die  Kirche (in the church) or an  den  See (to the lake). Simply pay attention to those times when gender changes der  to den  and you should be okay. Englisch Deutsch along/downGo along/down this street. entlangGehen Sie diese Straße entlang! backGo back. zurà ¼ckGehen Sie zurà ¼ck! in the direction of/towards... the train station the church the hotel in Richtung auf... den Bahnhof die Kirche das Hotel left - to the left links - nach links right - to the right rechts - nach rechts straight aheadKeep going straight ahead. geradeaus (guh-RAH-duh-ouse)Gehen Sieimmer geradeaus! up to, untilup to the traffic lightup to the cinema bis zum (masc./neut.)biszur (fem.)bis zur Ampelbiszum Kino Compass Directions (Himmel Srichtungen) The directions on the compass are relatively easy because the German words are similar to their English counterparts. After you learn the four basic directions, you can form more compass directions by combining words, just as you would in English. For example, northwest is  nordwesten, northeast is nordosten, southwest is sà ¼dwesten, etc. Englisch Deutsch north - to the northnorth of (Leipzig) der Nord(en) - nach Nordennà ¶rdlich von (Leipzig) south - to the southsouth of (Munich) der Sà ¼d(en) - nach Sà ¼densà ¼dlich von (Mà ¼nchen) east - to the easteast of (Frankfurt) der Ost(en) - nach Ostenà ¶stlich von (Frankfurt) west - to the westwest of (Cologne) der West(en) - nach Westenwestlich von (Kà ¶ln)

Analysis of the Easy Jets mission statement's significance Essay

Analysis of the Easy Jets mission statement's significance - Essay Example Analysis of the Easy Jet’s mission statement's significance to current circumstances The mission statement of an organization can very crucial for a number of reasons. This can be a very effective tool for getting senior managers to talk about their differences and thrash out a common viewpoint. Mission statements are more usually an expression of a companys purpose and ambition. The mission statement of a company is a sort of company flag to rally round and a signpost for all stakeholders. Mission statement defines the values and behaviour standards for managers and stakeholders. A good mission statement is an influential document designed to give lucidity and evoke an emotional response. A mission statement must not be too far ahead of the current situation or it will be dismissed with If they think thats how we work around here, they are as crazy as I always thought they were.2 Hence, one of the salient objectives of the mission statement of an organization is to spell out the purpose of the organization. A mission statement also guides a signpost for the stakehol ders. â€Å"To provide our customers with safe, good value, point-to-point air services. To effect and to offer a consistent and reliable product and fares appealing to leisure and business markets on a range of European routes.† It is evident from the mission statement of EasyJet that the company’s target segments are the people who travel for pleasure and the business people who travel from one city or country to another city or country for business purposes.

Software Engineering Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Software Engineering - Essay Example In this regard, as the year changed from 1999 to 2000, the day became 01-01-00, and the machine considered it as January 1, 1900. Hence Y2K millennium bug proved itself just like a clicking time bomb that affected all the major computer applications (YourDictionary; Halpern). Dates are much Critical A lot of transactions related to various economy circumstances match their dates with database account having a future date or today's date. Thus, if the machine fails to grip the dates in the approved manner, bills do not get compensated, notices do not deliver and also results in date driven computations toward failure. Moreover, after 2000, all the systems those were not familiar with the change in millennium caused mistaken output with those applications that dealt directly or indirectly with future dates (YourDictionary; Halpern). Precautions In this regard, if the problems like Y2K or millennium bug are not remedied in a well mannered way, this could result in disruptions that may c ause delays in air flights and also towards the interruptions of landline services to trade bankruptcies to power fluctuations, and it might also cause in civil disturbances and global decline (YourDictionary; Halpern). ... However, in simple words we can say that a software process model is a simple description of those software related processes which are useful in presentation from diverse perspective. In this scenario, a considerable fraction of the active software manufacturing is obliged to construct software that follows documentation either partially or fully. In addition, it is proposed to guarantee this factor though which delivered software product meets the requirements that are defined properly in documentation (Nutt; Sommerville; Pressman; Acuna and Ferre). Software process models are very useful for giving an inspiration about the development of a product, tool or application that meets the challenges of global economy as much as possible. In addition, by adopting software modeling techniques software developers could be able to characterize new horizons in which they must keep strong view on changing trends of market that could affect our software product a lot. Moreover, a software proc ess model could be helpful for define a process for implementing and designing a software invention/product that complies with the documentation necessities or requirements. Thus, there is a link between business and software process development that’s why they both affect each other. In this regard we can relate business process modeling expertise to the domain of software engineering, which results in exploring weaknesses along with strengths of our developing models of cluster collaboration. On the other hand, if we analyze the basics of software process models no doubt it provides us with an unconventional technique to analyze, design, and track the software production processes. Additionally, it also creates easiness for us to attempt to demonstrate how the replica or model can

Inflation Management in Sri Lanka Essay Example for Free

Inflation Management in Sri Lanka Essay Amarasekara (2008, p. 37) also concluded that in most sub-samples, inflation does not decline following a contractionary policy shock, possibly due to the longer lag effect. Innovations to money growth raise the interest rate, and when inflation does respond, it reacts to monetary innovations faster than GDP growth does. International Monetary Fund (2008) showed that changes in policy interest rates have significant effects on output but a small impact on inflation. Credit does not respond strongly to changes in policy interest rates. 3. Objectives of the Study The Central bank conducts monetary policy to achieve its one of primary objectives of price stability by changing interest rate and money supply. Therefore, the main objective of the study is to identify the relationship between the interest rate and inflation in Sri Lanka. A successful monetary policy strategy requires an understanding of the relationship between operating instruments of monetary policy (i. e. interest rate) and the ultimate goals like the price stability and output. Therefore, the study will help to identify the effectiveness of policy rates as a monetary policy instrument for inflation management. . Model, Methodology and Data Analysis Model and Methodology A regression model will be used to estimate the effect of key variables on inflation. The main concern of the study is the effect of the interest rate on the inflation. However, the model will be incomplete without including the variables below. This study tries to improve past models done by Sri Lankan economists by including additional macroeconomic variables namely; unemployment (UN), budget deficit (BD) and foreign inflation (FI) to remove any omitt ed variables bias. In this analysis, MMR is used as changes in policy rate are immediately transmitted to MMR. Inflation: According to previous literature, past inflation has an effect on current inflation through expectations. Here the Colombo Consumer Price Index (CCPI) is used. Exchange rate (ER): Changes in in the exchange rate affects the price of exports and imports in the country, and thus has a direct effect on inflation as Sri Lanka is heavily depend on international trade. GDP growth (GDP): The GDP is seasonally adjusted to capture seasonality. Unemployment (UN): According to the Phillips Curve there is an inverse relationship between unemployment and inflation. Foreign Inflation (FI): In 2011, imports accounted for 37. 6% of GDP (CBSL Annual Report 2011) in Sri Lanka, and therefore prices of goods and services of Sri Lanka’s major trading partners can have an influential effect on inflation. Budget Deficit (BD): Most of the past literatures in Sri Lanka have omitted this important variable. However, public finance is an important issue in Sri Lanka and the effect of Monetary Policy cannot be studied without it. Data Collection For this study quarterly data will be obtained for all the variables from the first quarter of 1996 to the last quarter of 2011. The main data sources of the analysis are Annual Reports of CBSL, Monthly Bulletins of CBSL, other publications of CBSL, Annual Reports and Quarterly Reports of the Department of Census and Statistics of Sri Lanka, and the World Bank Report 2011-2012. Analytical Tools The OLS regression model will describe the significance of key variables of the model and the effectiveness of the model in explaining the objective of the study. Apart from the simple OLS regression analysis, various econometric models will be used to obtain outcomes such as unit-root tests, Granger causality tests, impulse response and AR-root tests and Vector auto regression. The Ramsey’s Reset Test will be used for checking functional form mis-specification of the model. The normality of errors and other non-spherical disturbances will be checked using White’s Test (for Heteroskedasticity) and Durbin Watson Test (for serial correlation). The model also will be tested by omitting the interest rate variable and regressing the restricted model using J-Test to determine if the model is very different.

Great Gatsby :: essays papers

Great Gatsby Two prevalent themes portrayed in The Great Gatsby are money and social status, both which coincide with the novel’s four settings: East Egg, West Egg, the Valley of Ashes, and New York. As Natania stated, these different locations are used to â€Å"show the absurdities of modern life,† as well as to dictate social class from the upper royal status of the East Egg community to the common folk of New York. Fitzgerald uses these settings and the actions of characters within them to define and set boundaries between financial and social status of the roaring 20’s. An example of Fitzgerald’s technique lies in the comparison of Myrtle Wilson’s party in her New York apartment to one of Gatsby’s many summer parties in his West Egg mansion. Through descriptions of guests coming and going frequently, and the obnoxious drinking and wild conversation going on at the New York and West Egg parties, the reader can conclude that neither of these locations are above the social standing of an upper class party of East Egg, such as one at Tom and Daisy Buchanan’s without the slight insanity of their dysfunctional family. However, the differences between Myrtle and Gatsby’s parties are great and relevant to Fitzgerald’s theme. For example, the physical description of guests attending the party in New York gives knowledge to the reader of their lower class standing. Myrtle’s sister arrives with a â€Å"sticky bob of red hair† and wild, unnatural eyebrows and makeup, and Mr. McKee with lather showing on his cheekbone. His wife is described as â€Å"shrill, languid, handsome, and horrible,† quite the opposite of guests attending Gatsby’s party, and even the host himself. Fitzgerald describes Gatsby as a very clean cut, proud postured, gentlemanly looking man with hair which looks like it â€Å"were trimmed every day,† just as a stereotypical member of the social upper class should appear. Myrtle’s party included obnoxious, almost insane guests who were quick to speak their rude, blunt opinions and provide proof to Jordan Baker’s statement that â€Å"at small parties there isn’t any privacy.† In fact, Tom Buchanan was so uncivilized a guest as to punch Myrtle, his lover and the party’s hostess, and cause a bloody mess.

Assessment Of For And As Learning Essay

Assessment of learning refers to strategies designed to confirm what students know, demonstrate whether or not they have met curriculum outcomes or the goals of their individualized programs, or to certify proficiency and make decisions about students’ future programs or placements. It is designed to provide evidence of achievement to parents, other educators, the students themselves, and sometimes to outside groups (e. g. , employers, other educational institutions). Assessment of learning is the assessment that becomes public and results in statements or symbols about how well students are learning. It often contributes to pivotal decisions that will affect students’ futures. It is important, then, that the underlying logic and measurement of assessment of learning be credible and defensible. Teachers’ Roles in Assessment of Learning Because the consequences of assessment of learning are often far-reaching and affect students seriously, teachers have the responsibility of reporting student learning accurately and fairly, based on evidence obtained from a variety of contexts and applications. Effective assessment of learning requires that teachers provide  ?a rationale for undertaking a particular assessment of learning at a particular point in time ?clear descriptions of the intended learning ?processes that make it possible for students to demonstrate their competence and skill ?a range of alternative mechanisms for assessing the same outcomes ?public and defensible reference points for making judgments ? Transparent approaches to interpretation ?descriptions of the assessment process ?strategies for recourse in the event of disagreement about the decisions With the help of their teachers, students can look forward to assessment of learning tasks as  occasions to show their competence, as well as the depth and breadth of their learning. ASSESSMENT FOR LEARNING Assessment for learning focuses on engaging students in classroom assessment in support of their own learning and informing teachers about what to do next to help students to progress. Assessment for learning is assessment for improvement not assessment for accountability as can be the case with summative assessments (Stiggins, 2002). The keys to Assessment for Learning (AFL) is to use a variety of assessment tools and methods in order to provide ongoing evidence to students, teachers and parents that demonstrates how  well each student is mastering the identified outcomes. This evidence is used to provide descriptive feedback to the students and to enable the teacher to differentiate the instruction to meet the needs of individual students or groups. ASSESSMENT FOR LEARNING VS. ASSESSMENT OF LEARNING Gregory, Cameron, and Davies (1997) outline some distinct differences between Assessment for Learning and Assessment of Learning. Educators are using these terms to help distinguish between the teacher’s role as a learning coach versus the teacher’s role of judging the extent of a student’s achievement in relation to an established standard. This assessment is considered summative and is done at the end. 1. Assessment for learning is the big deal, while assessment of learning is the done deal. 2. Assessment for learning is formative, while assessment of learning is summative. 3. Assessment for learning is supportive, while assessment of learning measures. 4. Assessment for learning uses descriptions, while assessment of learning uses scores. 5. Assessment for learning happens day by day, moment by moment, while assessment of learning happens at the end. The assertion is that neither one is better than the other, but both need to be used within a  students learning so that the student is able to understand not only the work that is being asked of them, but also how their own learning occurs. Assessment for learning is intended to be both diagnostic and formative to help students improve their learning. Four critical questions that the teacher must ask when planning for assessment for learning: WHY AM I ASSESSING? If the intent of assessment is to enhance student learning teachers use assessment for learning to uncover what students believe to be true and to learn more about the connections students are making, their prior knowledge, preconceptions, gaps, and learning styles. This information is used to inform and differntiate instruction to build on what students already know and to challenge students when their are problems inhibiting progression to the next stages of learning. Teachers use this information to provide their students with descriptive feedback that will further their learning and not as a sumamtive assessment or to report a grade. WHAT AM I ASSESSING? Assessment for learning requires ongoing assessment of the outcomes that comprise the intended learning. In most cases these are the curriculum outcomes. Teachers create assessments that will  expose students’ thinking and skills in relation to the intended learning, and the common preconceptions. WHAT ASSESSMENT METHOD SHOULD I USE? When planning assessment for learning, the teacher must think about what assessment is designed to expose, and must decide which assessment approaches are most likely to give detailed information about what each student is thinking and learning. The methods need to incorporate a variety of ways for students to demonstrate their learning. For example, having students complete tasks orally or through visual representation allow those who are struggling  with reading or writing to demonstrate their learning. HOW CAN I USE THE INFORMA%ON? The information collected in assessment for learning is used to report to the student and by offering descriptive, on time feedback and to provide the teacher with information to allow for changes in instruction for individual students or groups of students. ASSESSMENT AS LEARNING Assessment as learning occurs when students are their own assessors. Students monitor their own learning, ask questions and use a range of strategies to decide what they know and can do, and  how to use assessment for new learning. Assessment as learning: ?encourages students to take responsibility for their own learning ?requires students to ask questions about their learning ?involves teachers and students creating learning goals to encourage growth and development ?provides ways for students to use formal and informal feedback and self-assessment to help them understand the next steps in learning ?encourages peer assessment, self-assessment and reflection. ROLES This assessment model supports the view of today’s learners as actively involved in the learning process. Students are educated on the purpose of assignments and the outcomes they are trying to achieve. Hence the teacher and the student both have critical roles in understanding learning outcomes and modifying learning in Assessment as Learning. Teacher Ensuring assessment methods are appropriate and the purpose is clear to students ensures quality and fair assessment practices as per the Principles for Fair Student Assessment in Canada (1993). Beyond choosing the learning outcomes to be covered, the activities to follow and the assessment methods, in Assessment as Learning, the teacher engages the students in this process. In Assessment as Learning, the teacher is a guide, â€Å"Giving them [students] the tools to undertake their own learning wisely and well. † (WNCP, p. 42) Students learn to monitor their own learning and make adaptations as required. In addition to monitoring learning and guiding instruction through assessment for learning, the teacher is assessing the students’ ability to assess themselves as they learn how to assess their own learning. Teachers can follow the following model in order to practice Assessment as Learning in their classroom: (adapted from WNCP, p. 42-43) 1. Discuss the learning outcomes with the students. 2. Create criteria with the students for the various tasks that need to be completed and/or skills that need to be learned or mastered 3. Provide feedback to students as they learn and ask them guiding questions to help them monitor their own learning 4. Help them set goals to extend or support their learning as needed in order to meet or fully meet the expectations 5. Provide reference points and examples for the learning outcomes Teachers are also responsible for ensuring that students have a learning environment in which they feel comfortable and safe to learn as well as have ample time to practise what is being  taught. Student Beyond completing the tasks assigned to them by their teacher, students move from the passive learner to an active owner of their own learning. Initially, with teacher guidance and tools, students learn to monitor if they have understood the learning outcome being explored and the metacognitive process. Once the metacognitive skills have been acquired, students can independently adjust their learning accordingly and demonstrate the â€Å"self-reflection, self- monitoring and self-adjustment. † (WNCP, 2006, p. 85) Extensive and relevant modeling in the questions below can help students reach this point: 1. What is the purpose of learning these concepts and skills? 2. What do I know about this topic? 3. What strategies do I know that will help me learn this? 4. Am I understanding these concepts? 5. What are the criteria for improving my work? 6. Have I accomplished the goals I set for myself? What is self-assessment? According to Boud (1995), all assessment including self-assessment comprises two main elements: making decisions about the standards of performance expected and then making judgments about the quality of the performance in relation to these standards. When self-assessment is introduced, it should ideally involve students in both of these aspects. Andrade and Du (2007) provide a helpful definition of self-assessment that focuses on the formative learning that it can promote: Self-assessment is a process of formative assessment during which students reflect on and evaluate the quality of their work and their learning, judge the degree to which they reflect explicitly stated goals or criteria, identify strengths and weaknesses in their work, and revise accordingly (2007, p. 160). EXAMPLES OF SELF-ASSESSMENT Self-assessment can take many forms, including: ?writing conferences ?discussion (whole-class or small-group) ?reflection logs ?weekly self-evaluations ?self-assessment checklists and inventories ?teacher-student interviews These types of self-assessment share a common theme: they ask students to review their work to determine what they have learned and what areas of confusion still exist. Although each method differs slightly, all should include enough time for students to consider thoughtfully and evaluate their progress. When students understand the criteria for good work before they begin a literacy activity, they are more likely to meet those criteria. The key to this understanding is to make the criteria clear. As students evaluate their work, you may want them to set up their own criteria for good work. Help them with the clarity of their criteria as they assess their own work. Students’ observations and reflections can also provide valuable feedback for refining your instructional plan. As your students answer questions about their learning and the strategies they use, think about their responses to find out what they are really learning and to see if they are learning what you are teaching them. K-W-L (KNOW, WANT TO KNOW, LEARNED) CHART. K-W-L (Ogle, 1986) is an instructional reading strategy that is used to guide students through a text. Students begin by brainstorming everything they Know about a topic. This information is recorded in the K column of a K-W-L chart. Students then generate a list of questions about what they Want to Know about the topic. These questions are listed in the W column of the chart. During or after reading, students answer the questions that are in the W column. This new information that they have Learned is recorded in the L column of the K-W-L chart. Purpose The K-W-L strategy serves several purposes: Elicits students’ prior knowledge of the topic of the text. ?Sets a purpose for reading. ?Helps students to monitor their comprehension. WHY IS IT IMPORTANT? Donna Ogle asserts that KWL helps students become better readers of expository text and helps teachers to be more interactive in their teaching (Ogle, 1987). KWL charts help students to be active thinkers while they read (Carr & Ogle, 1987), giving them specific things to look for and having them reflect on what they learned when they are finished reading. In learning, metacognition involves the active monitoring and conscious control and regulation  of cognitive processes. It involves thinking about thinking, self-awareness, and self-regulation (Flavell, 1979). The metacognitive strategy of self-questioning is used to ensure that students comprehend the text. When students set their own purposes for reading, they are more motivated and active as readers. Each student has a schema, or a framework for how they view the world. Accessing a student’s prior knowledge is the first step in integrating new concepts into their existing schema. KWL charts help activate background knowledge and provide an opportunity for students to set their own learning objectives.

Aims of education Essay

Culture is activity of thought, and receptiveness to beauty and humane feeling. Scraps of information have nothing to do with it. A merely well-informed man is the most useless bore on God’s earth. What we should aim at producing is men who possess both culture and expert knowledge in some special direction. Their expert knowledge will give them the ground to start from, and their culture will lead them as deep as philosophy and as high as art. We have to remember that the valuable intellectual development is self- development, and that it mostly takes place between the ages of sixteen and thirty. As to training, the most important part is given by mothers before the age of twelve. A saying due to Archbishop Temple illustrates my meaning. Surprise was expressed at the success in after-life of a man, who as a boy at Rugby had been somewhat undistinguished. He answered, â€Å"It is not what they are at eighteen, it is what they become afterwards that matters. † In training a child to activity of thought, above all things we must beware of what I will call â€Å"inert ideas†-that is to say, ideas that are merely received into the mind without being utilised, or tested, or thrown into fresh combinations. In the history of education, the most striking phenomenon is that schools of learning, which at one epoch are alive with a ferment of genius, in a succeeding generation exhibit merely pedantry and routine. The reason is, that they are overladen with inert ideas. Education with inert ideas is not only useless: it is, above all things, harmful – Corruptio optimi, pessima. Except at rare intervals of intellectual ferment, education in the past has been radically infected with inert ideas. That is the reason why uneducated clever women, who have seen much of the world, are in middle life so much the most cultured part of the community. They have been saved from this horrible burden of inert ideas. Every intellectual revolution which has ever stirred humanity into greatness has been a passionate protest against inert ideas. Then, alas, with pathetic ignorance of human psychology, it has proceeded by some educational scheme to bind humanity afresh with inert ideas of its own fashioning. Let us now ask how in our system of education we are to guard against this mental dryrot. We enunciate two educational commandments, â€Å"Do not teach too many subjects,† and again, â€Å"What you teach, teach thoroughly. † The result of teaching small parts of a large number of subjects is the passive reception of disconnected ideas, not illumined with any spark of vitality. Let the main ideas which are introduced into a child’s education be few and important, and let them be thrown into every combination possible. The child should make them his own, and should understand their application here and now in the circumstances of his actual life. From the very beginning of his education, the child should experience the joy of discovery. The discovery which he has to make, is that general ideas give an understanding of that stream of events which pours through his life, which is his life. By understanding I mean more than a mere logical analysis, though that is included. I mean â€Å"understanding† in the sense in which it is used in the French.

Management consultancy is an insecure business Essays

Management consultancy is an insecure business Essays Management consultancy is an insecure business Essay Management consultancy is an insecure business Essay Management consultancy is an insecure concern â€Å"Management s seemingly relentless appetency for ‘solutions’ can be partially accounted for by the manner in which consultancy patterns, and the thoughts they promote, provide clients with the chance of a reassuring sense of control over organisation and individuality and yet at the same time reenforce such insecurities.† ( Sturdy, 1997 ) Indeed, Johansson ( 2004 ) claims that story-telling has been identified as a metaphor for direction consulting, as it focuses on the adviser as the â€Å"impression manager† . The converting power of strong narratives told by advisers is emphasised in Johansson’s article, in which direction consulting is conceptualised through the metaphor of story-making, placing co-operation and contemplation as characteristic characteristics. A specific consultancy procedure is interpreted as a co-operative attempt between the adviser and the client it which secret plan lines and characters are constructed, with secret plan s being either opened or closed and characters can be settled or negotiated. Therefore, story-making as a brooding act moves between heightening contemplation and preparing for action, and helps relieve client insecurities, by stating them a narrative where the consultant’s concluding solution is the 1 that fits the client’s demands. In contrast, Collins ( 2004 ) assesses the virtues of analyses that have called for a more developed and constructive academic battle with the direction consultancy industry. He argues that efforts to restructure academic involvement in the consulting industry will make little to better our grasp of the complex and mediated nature of direction advice so long as these both foremost remain trussed to a repudiation docket, and secondly concentrate entirely on the production of advice. As a consequence of these statements, he attempts to refocus attending on the ingestion of direction cognition, and on the users of advice, whilst directing attending to the users of formulas and cookery books as a metaphor. Hence, the article argues that a more constructive relationship with direction practicians awaits those who can â€Å"conceive of the grounds, fortunes and procedures that might interpret concern procedure reengineering ( BPR ) into entire quality direction ( TQM ) and ‘brandy b utter’ into ‘vodka margarine’.† In other words, Collins appears to believe that there advisers who can offer existent, touchable and mensurable solutions, instead than replies to client insecurities, have the chance to develop better relationships with their clients, and therefore diminish their exposure to market motions. Indeed, Craig ( 2005 ) is one of the biggest advocates of the instance against direction consultancy companies, and has existent credibleness, holding worked as a direction adviser for 20 old ages. Whilst Craig does non really cite the theories of Karl Marx ( 1867 ) , but he does corroborate Marx s observation that the staunchest advocators of capitalist economy will ever seek to pull strings the system in their favor. For illustration, a typical direction consultancy contract stipulates that the client will pick up the measure for the adviser s travel disbursals, which sounds sensible, until you consider that most consultancies have a trade with a travel agent, or agents, vouching them an terminal of twelvemonth volume price reduction. So, whilst the bill will be right at the clip of entry, the existent cost will be up to 25 per cent lupus erythematosus, a derived function that ends up in the consultancy’s histories, demoing that said consultancies are frequently diffident as to whether or non they will bring forth adequate gross from fees entirely. With respects to the work itself, harmonizing to Craig, most advisers are glorified time-and-motion analysts whose solution constantly plundering a big proportion of the work force. Once that has been achieved, along with the obvious cost nest eggs, they so move on to doing more money by selling â€Å"technology solutions† which, it emerges, are about ever contradictions in footings, as the jobs associated with the installing and direction of the new engineering frequently outweigh its benefits. Indeed, this is perchance one of the best illustrations of the insecurities which drive the industry: directors at houses are frequently so out of touch with modern engineering, and worried about being left buttocks, that they are willing to pass big sums of capital on implementing new systems, without sing whether or non they need them. ( Czarniawska and Mazza, 2003 ) It can credibly be argued that if concerns are foolish and insecure plenty to ask for advisers in, and so accept sub criterion or gratuitous work from them, so that is their job. Bruce ( 2004 ) argues that the thoughts of independency, nonpartisanship and good sense should be at the bosom of any direction plan, but these traits are mostly ignored by most companies. Therefore, the history of direction thoughts has been one of the seamless flows of ways by which companies, with a small aid from a consultancy house, have sought to transform their concern methods. However, these direction ‘fads’ have frequently been extraordinary, with nest eggs from changed procedures or additions in stockholder value, which seem to get down turn overing through the organisation, and frequently rather echt advantages do accrue. However, whilst most of these plans have produced initial successes, after a twosome of old ages, the direction squad which instigated the immense consultancy plan s tarts to interrupt up as people move on, and the new squad that bit by bit assembles does non needfully desire to transport on with what are now the old thoughts, as they are connected with the jobs and insecurities of the old direction. Besides, particularly when the consultancy favours manner and storytelling over substance, â€Å"it becomes really hard to place which successes or failures are to make with the planetary or domestic economic system traveling in different way and which to make with the internal and external attempts at the company.† ( Bruce, 2004 ) Many writers claim that the manner for ‘consultant bashing’ began with the most successful consultancy craze of recent history, re-engineering, which was driven by the managerial position of their current systems and processes as being outdated and deficient. â€Å"Critics claim that advisers treated re-engineering as a panacea for every complaint, and that they ignored the human side of direction, giving such intangible goods as committedness and creativeness to short-run efficiency. As a consequence, re-engineering normally led to demoralization and break instead than the radical betterments in efficiency touted by its proponents.† ( Wooldridge, 1997 ) Significantly, the academic laminitiss of re-engineering theory accept many of these charges, though they blame the direction advisers who, they say, misunderstood and misapplied their thoughts, in an effort to suit re-engineering to any job they discovered at a company. Although Wooldridge claims that many advoca tes of the theory admit that most efforts at re-engineering have ended in failure, Fincham and Evans ( 1999 ) explored concern procedure reengineering as a consultancy solution in the context of strategic alteration direction, instead than simply a one off ‘cure all’ attack. The found that modern procedure techniques used in consultancy, together with the nature of the responsible adviser function as being accountable to client, lead to the development of solutions which reliant on techniques and conceptual models, and therefore provided existent, touchable benefits. However Wooldridge ( 1997 ) claimed that these developments were excessively late, and that the recoil against re-engineering has turned into a recoil against direction crazes in general, and against the advisers who push them. Critics have two chief ailments, the first of which is that crazes fail to present, with re-engineering programmes being launched with great ostentation, merely to melt out as employees get bored, and directors move on to the following thing. Indeed, many consultancies react, and promote, managerial insecurity, by presenting so many crazes at the same time that directors have no opportunity of implementing them. The 2nd ailment is that, even where crazes lead to action, they frequently do more injury than good, by converting companies that they are undertaking their jobs, whilst deflecting clip and attending from the existent concern of direction. Above all, they frequently prompt the incorrect sort of action, frequently doing companies to acquire rid of in-between directors whose experience and connexions are unreplaceable, and bring forthing a â€Å"cult of empowerment† ( Wooldridge, 1997 ) , which has been blamed for promoting Bankss such as Denudations to manus excessively much power to junior staff, who so abused said power. In decision, many critics point out that many of the universe s best companies neer bother with crazes, as they have the assurance to trust on their ain judgement, and they have the common sense to gain that their jobs are peculiar to them and can non be treated with off-the-rack redresss. This can be said to be true of any peculiar company, and therefore direction consultancy can so by an insecure concern, if directors are insecure plenty to allow it be sold to them as such. However, if a house has the intelligence, common sense, and nervus to demand a trim solution, specific to their company’s jobs, so they can bask existent benefits from the alone solutions and external cognition and experience that consultancy houses can convey. Mentions: Bruce, R. ( 2004 )Is it clip to interrupt the adviser s enchantment?Accountancy ; Vol. 133, Issue 1329, p. 22. Collins, D. ( 2004 )Who put the con in consultancy? Fads, formulas and ‘vodka margarine’ .Human Relations ; Vol. 57, Issue 5, p. 553. Craig, D. ( 2005 )Heist! : The Scandalous Inside Story of the Management Consulting Money Machine.Original Book Company. Czarniawska, B. and Mazza, C. ( 2003 )Consulting as a liminal infinite.Human Relations ; Vol. 56, Issue 3, p. 267. Fincham, R. and Evans, M. ( 1999 )The advisers violative: Reengineering from craze to technique.New Technology, Work A ; Employment ; Vol. 14, Issue 1, p. 32. Johansson, A. W. ( 2004 )Consulting as story-making.Journal of Management Development ; Vol. 23, Issue 4, p. 339. Marx, K. ( 1867 )Das Kapital ; Vol 1.Progress Publishers ; Moscow, USSR. ( Published 1887 ) Sturdy, A. ( 1997 )The Consultancy Process-An Insecure Business?Journal of Management Studies ; Vol. 34, Issue 3, p. 389. Wooldridge, A. ( 1997 )The recoil begins.The Economist ; Vol. 342, Issue 8009, Management consultancy study, p. 20.

Definition of Embodiment in Patents

Definition of Embodiment in Patents Embodiment by definition is a manner in which an invention can be made, used, practiced or expressed. Embodiment in Patent Applications The phrase embodiment will be in your patent application, as part of the legalese used. In a patent application, the specification will include descriptions of the preferred embodiments. If you read a patent you will often see a section headlined DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT. You will often refer to some aspect of your invention as an embodiment in descriptions. Looking at examples of how the word is used should make what it means and how to use the word clearer. Examples The following examples are more fully described in the first link box below. DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTFIG. 1 is a partial sectional view of a Halloween mask with a flash device in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.FIG. 1 is a front pictorial perspective view of a wireless telephone constructed in accordance with an embodiment the present invention;

PayPal Case Study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

PayPal Case Study - Essay Example Lots of paypal sellers do not receive payment for items sold through paypal due to credit card fraud and blame paypal for it. Likewise, many buyers do not receivee the goods ordered and paid via paypal as the merchant was bogus and hence blame paypal for not verifying the sellers. Paypal contact number is not easily found on their website. The number is buried deep inside their website. Customers believe that paypal does it on purpose so that they will not be contacted easily. Morover, the customer service number for personal accounts is not toll free and since there is usually a long wait time. Many users also complain that the Terms of Service are not fully disclosed during sign-up. Due to a Paypal email password scam, a lot of user passwords have been hacked. Although the emails requesting passwords were not sent by paypal, this has affected a lot of customers and cost them a lot of money. Inspite of all the criticism it faces, paypal is an increasingly popular method of payment which satisfies a niche market of e-tailers who favor it due to its low transaction fees and global usage. Paypal has been accused of being unethical. But the steps which Paypal has taken to reduce criticism, given below, prove that this accusation is not true. Inorder to combat buyer fraud, paypal uses advanced software to