The Turnaround At Ford Company - 1568 Words

The Turnaround At Ford The Ford company had always been a major player in the growth of the US economy, being one of the Big Three (along with GM and Chrysler) in the US automobile industry. Ford has been credited for having made the automobile attainable to the middle-class that emerged through the 20th to the 21st centuries, due in part to its refinement of the assembly line concept. It was the first manufacturing company to make use of the moving assembly line, which created so much efficiency that made owning a car highly affordable to the common American. So for decades, Ford and the automotive industry had been one of the leading big employers in the US, contributing to its booming economy. For years, US carmakers like Ford†¦show more content†¦To compound matters, the accompanying financial crisis of the 2008 recession spurred the industry to slash costs and boost efficiency. The Big Three scrambled with their own restructuring efforts that included factory closures, divesting of nonperforming models and brands, and most of all – decreasing labor costs. (Davis, 2012) The Big Three, of course including Ford, now were faced with a huge labor machinery that it was not able to sustain – especially with a labor force that is ageing, has relatively higher wages vis a vis foreign carmakers’ workers, as well as very competitive retirement benefits packages. Another important factor that contributed to the labor surplus in Ford, as in the US auto industry, is the fact that before, the unions kept a lot of auto workers happy and contented in their work environment for decades. Some Ford analysts blame those legacy costs (e.g. retiree health care and pensions) for adding to Ford’s troubles. When the economy was booming, the unions coddled the workers, while the Big Three reveled in their seemingly immovable positions. Nobody read the signs of the times and so were caught unawares that economic conditions were changing, or when they did, believed that the automakers could handle it, as much as they handled the 1973 oil embargo. (Davis, 2012) Ford, like the big US carmakers, did not foresee that the increased globalization and the elimination of international trade protection laws brought in moreShow MoreRelatedThe Turnaround Ford Motor Company1684 Words   |  7 PagesFord Motor Company was launched in a converted factory in 1903 with $28,000 in cash from twelve investors. It would go on to become one of the worlds largest and most profitable companies. It is one of the largest family-controlled companies in the world and has been in continuous family control for over 100 years. Ford Motor Company is an American multinational corporation and the worlds third largest automaker based on worldwide vehicle sales. Its overseas business encompasses only one trulyRead MoreAlan Mulally’s Restructur ing of Ford Motor Company623 Words   |  3 PagesMulally’s Restructuring of Ford Motor Company Alan Mulally’s Restructuring of Ford Motor Company Case Study Alan Mulally received an opportunity to turn around one of the most famous brand names in the United States. Ford was struggling; losing more than 12.7 million in 2006 (Nelson p558) and desperately needed a change. Alan Mulally took the challenge, and stated he would do what many thought was impossible at the time – make Ford profitable. He did just that. Mulally knew Ford had issues and theRead MoreHow The Turnaround Team May Have Used Gerard And Teurfs Transformation Skills770 Words   |  4 PagesDescribe how the turnaround team may have used Gerard and Teurfs’ transformation skills to overcome the frustration of employees? The turnaround team should consider creating a community through dialog with emphasis on listening. Creating a corporate culture that encourages listening as a communication skill will open up communication channels between management and employees. The turnaround team would then seek the opinions and ideas of employees to create the new code of ethical conduct. ThisRead More Values-Based Leadership1409 Words   |  6 Pagesseen in operation in the following companies: Nestle The company’s management and leadership principles state that â€Å"people are Nestlà ©Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s most important asset.† The Nestle chief executive officer Peter Brabeck- Letmathe says that all this is embodied in the talents that the company nurtures. He says that We want to make sure that employees at all our regional companies maintain their original cultures, but follow the same Nestle principles. (Igor, 2004) The company spends heavily on training andRead MoreMerger Between Daimler And Chrysler1465 Words   |  6 Pagesdemand in the automotive sector. Daimler is considered one of the most successful and profitable automotive companies across the globe. Founded in 1893 as the Daimler Motor Syndicate Ltd, its growth and expansion in the automotive sector has been facilitated by the need to meet the interests and needs of its key stakeholders (Barnard, 1998). The vehicles that are manufactured by the company are of high standard and the quality is top-notch. Most of its customers are concerned with the satisfactionRead MoreFord Motor Company Essay760 Words   |  4 PagesFord motor company: The Ford Empire was almost a century old. After a series of great growth periods and high revenues, the company from early 2004 to 2008 has been hit by the recession and very challenging times. The decision to invite an outsider as the CEO of Ford motors was to take a fresh and rather novel view of Ford operations and to look at it unbiased. Ford appears on the list of the world’s most ethical companies its commitment to stakeholder engagement, corporate governance, sustainabilityRead MoreThe Merger Between American Car Manufacturer Chrysler And Its Foreign Counterpart1413 Words   |  6 Pagesvarious setbacks and failures both had experienced. As the world grows smaller through interconnectivity, the only real option these big car companies have left to grow is to expand internationally. This alliance is a good way to expand into new markets with partners who have experience conducting business in vastly different markets. Seeing as both companies have placed sufficient trust in one another to share technology and resources there is a much greater guarantee that this partnership will outlastRead MoreFord Motor Company Case Study959 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Last May, Ford, once again, was in the limelight by its recent ousting of CEO Mike Fields and replacing him with Jim Hackett. After the news, shareholders appeared pleased and Wall Street delivered a small boost to the bedraggled automaker. The question is whether this is truly the beginning of a turnaround for Ford’s shares, or will the company’s perennial pain continue for the duration? Ford stock has always been volatile and is oftentimes difficult to pin down. This paper will focusRead MoreSwot Analysis Of Ford Motor Company1325 Words   |  6 Pagesautomotive industry is capital-intensive and Ford is no exception. When it needs extra cash and liquidity Ford taps the debt-markets. Automobile companies also need funding for their credit subsidiaries in order to offer financing to car buyers and leasers. Investors purchase bonds of a company and are referred to as debt-holders of the company. Should a company go bankrupt, these debt-holders then enjoy precedence over shareholders because the company must honor its debt before paying its shareholdersRead MoreAmerican Automobile Industry1162 Words   |  5 Pagesgrowing and with this growth we see a need for energy and with it has come a high price at the pump. Ford Motor Co. and General Motors Corp. due to a lack of planning, inability to adjust to this energy crisis, and other problems have led to massive losses. With investors anxious for change, American auto industry in order to compete in the car industry has sought ways to cut their costs. Both Ford and GM have resolved to plant closed downs and massive layoffs. To compete with foreign automakers

Assisted Suicide Is Not Common For All Areas Throughout...

Assisted Suicide Imagine being diagnosed with a life-ending disease and experiencing such excruciating pain that doctors say cannot be healed. Pain is a terrible thing to experience, especially when it is permanent. What can be done to relieve that pain? What if the only option to rid the pain from the patient is death? No one knows how that feels until it happens to them, that is why assisted suicide is used. Assisted suicide is a practice throughout most of the United States that terminates the lives of dying patients. This process is when patients are in agonizing pain that is too overwhelming to bear; therefore they beg physicians to end their lives. Physicians have the ability to end a patient’s life by withholding medication or removing the patient from a life supporting device. Patients have to meet certain requirements before the procedure can be completed. Many people wish that this practice was legal, but there are others that do not believe in it. Legalized physician assiste d suicide is not common in all areas throughout the United States. There are many different views about physician assisted suicide, and the subject is a rather touchy one to discuss. There are many details about this issue that many people are not informed about like the past situations dealing with assisted suicide and physicians, areas that allow the procedure to be done, and the rules and regulations that patients have to meet before anything can be done. There are several differentShow MoreRelatedThe Controversy Of The Practice Of Euthanasia1605 Words   |  7 Pagesphysically hurt anyone. You could say it hurts the patient but then again that patient is already in tremendous pain or in an incapacitated state of no recovery, as in paralyzed or brain damage etc., so in reality it would actually help them by assisting ending their pain by assisted suicide. A doctors job is also always help their patients and the practice of assisted suicide in many ways is actually helping the person. However there has and probably always will be people who do not agree with the idea ofRead MoreThe Concept and Origin of the Assisted Suicide Movement3079 Words   |  12 Pagesthe notion of assisted suicide, wherein the individual who wishes to end his or her own life is assisted by someone else, usually a physician. As Werner (2005, p. 135) notes, straightforward answers to the difficult questions concerning the issues of euthanasia and assisted suici de are not yet available, but one can at least have a more robust conception of the issues history, which in turn allows one to confront the contemporary discussion with greater insight. In the United States the topic roseRead MoreThe Death Of Assisted Suicide Essay2311 Words   |  10 Pagesthe consent of a patient. Assisted suicide is a practice that is closely related to euthanasia. Assisted suicide occurs when â€Å"one person gives another person the instructions, means, or capability to bring about their own demise (Smith).† In the United States, euthanasia is currently illegal in every state. However, assisted suicide is legal in a few states, including California, Montana, Oregon, Vermont, and Washington. (State-By-State) In Canada, physician assisted suicide was deemed to be legalRead MoreEuthanasia: Dying with Dignity Essay3326 Words   |  14 PagesAccording to a 1993 survey of 150 United States and Canadian medical schools, for example, only fourteen percent of modern oaths prohibit euthanasia, eleven percent hold covenant with a deity, eight percent foreswear abortion, and a mere three percent forbid sexual contact with patients—all maxims held sacred in the classical version. (Tyson, 2014) That is proof that the Hippocratic Oath should not be preventing euthanasia from becoming legalized into the United States. However, Doctor Jack KevorkianRead MoreFinal International Emergency Disaster Management1638 Words   |  7 Pagesknowledge to mitigate them. As counties adopt this universal system, it provides them with an easier way to give and receive outside aid before, throughout and after an event or disaster. Although very similar there seems to always be some differences around the world. Emergency management and disaster response in France is very similar to the United States. Because of these similarities each country partially relies on each other for aid and support. The mutual agreement makes it a smoother transactionRead MoreEssay about Euthanasia Should Be Legal3711 Words   |  15 PagesEuthanasia is a controversial issue. Many different opinions have been formed. From doctors and nurses to family members dealing with loved ones in the hospital, all of them h ave different ideas for the way they wish to die. However, there are many different issues affecting the legislation and beliefs of legalizing euthanasia. Taking the following aspects into mind, many may get a different understanding as to why legalization of euthanasia is necessary. Some of these include: misunderstanding ofRead MoreEuthanasia and Physician-Assisted Suicide3099 Words   |  12 PagesFinding common ground on questions like euthanasia and Physician Assisted Suicide (PAS) will never be possible, given the strong religious convictions that many Christians, Jews and Muslims have always had against any form of self-destruction. For them, suicide is a sin and killing is always wrong, except of course in wartime situations or when the state has to use force in policing and maintaining order. Their views are based on the Bible or other sacred writings as well as strongly-held religiousRead MoreThe Supremacy Clause : Conflict Between Federal And State Law1656 Words   |  7 PagesFederal and State Law as it relates to Medical Marijuana The American Constitution provides for a division of government powers between the federal and state governments, as well as provides solutions in an event of conflict between these two governments. The Supremacy Clause is derived through Constitutional Law and determines that the Constitution, Federal statutes, and United States treaties contain the â€Å"supreme law of the land†, creating the framework for the highest areas of law withinRead MoreD-Day The Invasion Of Normandy Essay1550 Words   |  7 Pagesboth the eastern and western front, and caused him to lose power. If the Allied Powers did not succeed On D-Day, Hitler would’ve taken over all of Europe. In a document written by General Dwight Eisenhower he persuades the allied powers to invade Normandy. Dwight Eisenhower was born on October 14, 1890. Eisenhower became the 34th president of the United States. He served as the president from January 20, 1953 through January 20, 1961. Before his presidency D wight participated in World War I and earnedRead MoreYouth Drug Use And Addiction1677 Words   |  7 PagesYouth Drug Use and Addiction Youth in the United States face challenges every day, some more than others. These challenges can be difficult to navigate and can leave these young people finding alternative ways to cope with the stress that accompanies these challenges. According to CBS News reports a recent survey indicates approximately two million teens between the ages of 12 and 17 currently need treatment for a substance abuse problem, but only about 150,000 get the help they need. This high

Determinants of National Public Health Nutrition

Question: Discuss about the Determinants of National Public Health Nutrition. Answer: Introduction There exist significant inequalities in health between non-indigenous and indigenous Australians. The social and economic conditions in which they reside in shape the health disadvantages that are experienced by the indigenous Australians. Indigenous Australians presently experience more disability, injury and illness compared to other Australians. They also die at younger ages which are evidenced by research on the life expectancy between the Indigenous and non-indigenous people. In this paper, some of the risk factors that are closely related to the social and economic determinants of health are discussed. These include some socioeconomic status such as income, employment, and education that provide a health gap of around a third and nearly half of the population in Australia. The determinants of health are therefore outlined and discussed below. (Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Performance Framework 2010 report, 2011) Healthy behaviors as a determinant of health factors Healthy behaviors are represented and recognized as proximal determinants of health. Among Aboriginal individuals, the most relevant behaviors of health include the over misuse of alcohol which relates to the increased cases of mortalities and unreasonable smoking. The health consequences are expressed clearly in the high incidences of heart illnesses and lung cancer. Poor care in the prenatal period, as well as smoking and drinking during pregnancy, has been associated with poor emotional, intellectual and physical development among children of aboriginal origin. Finally, insufficient exercise and poor nutrition have been linked to the epidemic of type ii diabetes in adults of first nations and increased prevalence among first nations youth. These behaviors influence health and must be considered within the socio-political context of aboriginal peoples lives lest a person-centered perspective predominate the analysis. (Baum, 2013) The nutritional status and wellbeing of indigenous people are related to the socioeconomic disadvantages, social, geographical, and environmental factors. Poor nutrition is a predominant risk factor for overweight and obesity, malnutrition, cardiovascular diseases, type ii diabetes, osteoporosis, tooth decay and certain cancers. (Baum, 2014) Fruit and vegetable diet is strongly linked to preventing chronic diseases and to better health hence the nutritional status of the Australian people is usually outlined by the assessment of the amount of the consuming of vegetables and fruits on a daily basis. A study conducted on 2004 provided data on the consumption of salt and milk by people of the indigenous background. The study showed that people aged 13 years or older,87% reported to usually adding salt after cooking compared with 75% of those living in non-remote areas. The level of consumption of whole milk for non-indigenous people was slightly more than one-half of the level of consum ption of the aboriginal, indigenous people. (Baum, Newman and Biedrzycki, 2012) People living in rural and remote places of Australia are often restrained in their food choices because of transport, geographical or climate conditions and cost of food hence creating barriers for the adequate and accessible supply of food. An environmental health study conducted in 2008 found that 15% of Indigenous people reported a lack of access to fresh food, fruit, and vegetables which were a reduction from the 19% of the communities that had been surveyed in 2005. (Caltabiano and Ricciardelli, 2013) The national health council and medical research has recommended consumption of daily intake of at least two serves of vegetables and fruits and also to limit the use of saturated fats, moderation of total fat intake and choice of low salt foods. This is because, in 2002, low vegetable and fruit intake contributed to about 3.7% of the total disease burden and 5.8% deaths among the indigenous people. Therefore, it can be affirmed that the unhealthy behaviors practiced by the people of aboriginal background affect their health negatively compared to the non-indigenous people. (Carson, 2012) Income and employment as determinants of health factors The possession of a job and income have shown to have a positive influence on the individual health and wellbeing of a person. A long duration of unemployment characterized by the absence of the labor market force and the frequent changes in the status of employment have been revealed to possess detrimental effects on an individuals health. This can also be seen by the above association with poverty and prior ill health. However, there exists complexity in the impact of the participation of the labor workforce on the wellbeing of Torres Strait Islander individuals and is more likely to be influenced by factors that are different to those affecting and influencing non-indigenous people. (Chronic diseases and associated risk factors in Australia, 2012, 2013) The nature of employment and the experience of employment by the indigenous people may also have an impact on the health advantages they gain through the employment. The positive health effects have been shown to diminish due to the little control of the individuals with short term, low paid and low skilled jobs. (Comfort and McCausland, 2013) This has been facilitated also by the racism experience and discrimination in the place of work hence pointing out evidence that shows that Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander jobs are mainly influenced by these factors. Conversely, the low health profile of the indigenous people of aboriginal background has shown to act as a barrier to the increase in the population rate. Studies have revealed that the poor health of members of the family was a basic reason for the lowered and reduced labor workforce participation among women. Men also showed that their diminished health also restricted their overall cooperation. In 2009, 55% of Indigenous Australians were fully employed compared to the 77% of the non-indigenous people. (Commers, 2013) The Council of Australian state has set a target aimed to halve the gap in the job employment within a decade where an additional of about 100,000 indigenous Australians will have jobs by 2019 to achieve this target. There exists substantial evidence from local and international studies that associate low socioeconomic status to bad health. Low income has been linked with a larger range of disadvantages that include shorter life expectancy, poor health, misuse of substances, and poor education. There also exists some manifestations of reduced participation in social activities and presence of violence and crimes. In 2009, about half of indigenous people existed in the bottom 21% of the average family incomes. The cost has been classified as a barrier to the access of health care by these people, therefore, having a little income which is combined with high food costs in the remote areas, has seen people choose low-cost alternatives which are likely unhealthy than fresh vegetables and fruit and protein-rich meats which are more costly. This impacts their health negatively compared to those non-indigenous individuals who have better income and employment opportunities. (Dixon, 2012) Education as a determinant of health factors Early childhood has been seen to be a critical period in human development. Studies have shown that the experiences children experience in the early life set biological and neurological pathways that exhibit lifelong impacts on learning, behavior and their overall health. The Council of Australian government has made the universal access to early childhood education for all children a priority and commitment. This commitment also includes ensuring all four-year-olds children in the indigenous communities have access to the early childhood learning within the next five years i.e. by 2013. (Communicating the economics of social determinants of health and health inequalities, 2013) Research has shown education to be a principal factor in the improvement of health and wellbeing. For example, greater levels of learning are associated with a better perception of lifestyles that are healthy and optimal health care practice. The high mortality rate is seen with those of lower education level particular for those with smoking associated illnesses. Those who remain at school tend to drink less alcohol, exhibit more activeness and smoke less than those not in school which reduces the risk factors of chronic conditions and illnesses in adults. (Hughes, 2012) Currently, most children in the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander background do not satisfy the set least standards for numeracy, reading, and writing. Few students in the indigenous population complete year 12 compared to children from other backgrounds. The Council of Australian government has set a commitment and objective to halve that gap in writing, reading, and numeracy by 2019 and also half the 12-year gap or equivalent rates of attainment by 2020s. (Mikkonen and Raphael, 2010) Having better outcomes at school supports further employment and education prospects. The advocacy of strong networks both at home and through involvement in the education system is vital for the improvement of the attendance of school hence improving education outcomes. The council agreed to introduce several reforms in education to improve the positive outcomes for the Torres Strait Islander children hence minimizing inequalities. This includes the incorporation of the aboriginal education action plan and the partnership on early childhood development as well as various reforms that will improve the quality of early childhood services and schools. This actions will promote better outcomes for the universities and training providers. There is a well-established association between education and the achievement of good health. The need for the schools to become culturally effective and safe for Aboriginal children has been highlighted by the significant lower literacy and numerical skills found in this children. Some of the strategies to improve the communitys health and wellbeing through education include, having a positive expectation of students, promoting strong Aboriginal identities and incorporating indigenous cultures, knowledge, and languages in the education curricula and policies. Provision of extensive and intensive support services for the students will ensure access to high standards and quality primary health care. This support in education approaches will provide a positive impact on the health of the indigenous population of Australians. Housing as a determinant of health factors Research studies have shown that living in low quality, insecure or unaffordable houses can be associated with low levels of health. The stress that is related to overcrowding, lack of housing affordability and difficult in-house access has been seen to adversely affect health. Healthy transport means the reduction of car and vehicle use and increments in walking, cycling, and public transport system. Facilities close to home facilitate modes of healthy transport hence increasing health promotion. Healthy transport ensures healthy food, facilities, services and social contact. (Nelson, 2014) The factors related to housing which include homelessness, overcrowding, tenure in housing and infrastructure have significant impacts on the health of a population. This infrastructure includes a reliable supply of power and a clean water sewerage system. The housing factors above are related to the infectious diseases such as tuberculosis, meningitis and skin and respiratory diseases. The latest study on overcrowding reveals that in 2007 almost 26% of the Aboriginal Australians lived in congested households. This overcrowding was mostly present in the remote and distant areas. Residing in a crowded homestead also makes it difficult for students to get a quiet and suitable environment to study. A healthy home is vital in the precondition of a healthy population. The Australian government has set objectives through partnerships in remote Indigenous housing and homelessness which will initiate various housing and health programs. (Rine, 2016) Physical environments, therefore, play a significant role in determining the health of a population. The most pervasive conditions and outcomes of this surroundings include poor quality of existing homes and shortages in substantial housing. Numerous on reserve homes tend to be overcrowded hence lacking appropriate ventilation resulting in excessive moulds which have been associated with several health conditions such as allergies and severe asthma among aboriginal children. These conditions affect their health negatively. It is therefore assumed that improving the health safety hardware of houses would consequently promote better health hence the incorporation of important aspects of various programs that include focusing on improving physical infrastructure related to sanitation, and the preparation of adequate water and food supply. Securing the support and collaboration of the housing associations and the aboriginal communities is also important. It is, therefore, essential that these programs enable indigenous families to remain in their homes and prevent these families from becoming homeless. These initiatives will enhance a positive impact on their health and wellbeing. (Williams, 2013) Conclusion Being of health shapes an individuals economic and education success and also influences their family and broader community wellbeing. So it is essential that programs and initiatives continue to be focused on health as well as situations in which people live and work in. Improvements to optimum health take time. All stakeholders that include Aboriginal individuals and communities, indigenous health care providers, Torres Strait Islander government, and groups should work together to improve the wellbeing and health of all people. Therefore, the improvement of health requires the government to partner with service providers and Torres Strait Islander individuals in coming up with the most appropriate solutions hence effecting change. The government, therefore, need to implement a health plan that will take into account the main issues which affect the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples health. References Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Performance Framework 2010 report. (2011). 1st ed. Canberra, A.C.T .: Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, pp.17-34. Baum, F. (2013). Comprehensive primary health care and social determinants as top priorities. The Medical Journal of Australia, 199(4), p.233. Baum, F. (2014). Comprehensive primary health care and social determinants as top priorities. The Medical Journal of Australia, 200(2), pp.86-87. Baum, F., Newman, L. and Biedrzycki, K. (2012). Vicious cycles: digital technologies and determinants of health in Australia. Health Promotion International, 29(2), pp.349-360. Caltabiano, M. and Ricciardelli, L. (2013). Applied topics in health psychology. 1st ed. Chichester, West Sussex: John Wiley Sons, pp.78-95. Carson, B. (2012). Social determinants of indigenous health. 1st ed. Crows Nest, N.S.W.: Allen Unwin, pp.114-135. Chronic diseases and associated risk factors in Australia, 2012. (2013). 1st ed. Canberra, A.C.T.: Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, pp.16-24. Comfort, J. and McCausland, K. (2013). Health priorities and perceived health determinants among Western Australians attending the 2011 LGBTI Perth Pride Fairday Festival. Health Promotion Journal of Australia, pp.78-112. Commers, M. (2013). Determinants of health. 1st ed. Dordrecht: Springer, pp.6-12. Communicating the economics of social determinants of health and health inequalities. (2013). 1st ed. Geneva: World Health Organization, pp.17-32. Dixon, J. (2012). Social Determinants of Health. Health Promotion International, 15(1), pp.87-89. Hughes, R. (2012). A Socioecological Analysis of the Determinants of National Public Health Nutrition Work Force Capacity. Family Community Health, 29(1), pp.55-67. Mikkonen, J. and Raphael, D. (2010). Social determinants of health. 1st ed. [Toronto]: [York University, School of Health Policy and Management], pp.98-112. Nelson, M. (2014). Comprehensive primary health care and social determinants as top priorities. The Medical Journal of Australia, 200(2), p.86. Rine, C. (2016). Social Determinants of Health: Grand Challenges in Social Works Future. Health Social Work, 41(3), pp.143-145. Williams, G. (2013). The determinants of health: structure, context and agency. Sociology of Health Illness, 25(3), pp.131-154.

The Acceptibility of Coconut Shell as an Art Paper Essay Example For Students

The Acceptibility of Coconut Shell as an Art Paper Essay The Acceptability of pulverized coconut shell (Cocos Nucifera) as an art paper BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Our world today is faced with many problems. One major problem is the depletion of natural resources. Trees, for example, are cut out because they will be used in making different products such as papers. This will branch out to many problems like global warming. In this research, coconut shell (Cocos nucifera) will be tested to see if it can be used as an alternative in making art paper. We chose to make a research about paper since its demand is high. Papers are widely used everyday. This research will be conducted within the campus of BHC. Within this research project, researchers will make various proportions of pulverized shells. Researchers will use starch with 20 ml water to put the materials together. This liquid concentration will be our dependent variable. Researchers will make their independent variable into three different proportions. 75g powdered coconut shell and 25 g shredded old newspaper; 50g powdered coconut shell and 50g shredded old newspaper; 25g powdered coconut shell and 75g shredded old newspaper. We will write a custom essay on The Acceptibility of Coconut Shell as an Art Paper specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now This will help us to test the toughness of the art paper particularly art papers used as corkboards. We chose to use coconut shell because of its high durability and because it is the most versatile part of the part of the coconut. This will help us in protecting our nature and at the same time, the product will be more affordable since the materials used are cheaper. Coconut shell (Cocos nucifera) is the most versatile part of the coconut. The shell is inorganic in nature; this will help make our product eco-friendly. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM The researcher aims to study on the acceptability of the pulverized coconut shell as an art paper. Specifically, it aims to answer the following questions: 1. How will the use of pulverized coconut shell affect the a. Durability of the paper? b. Color of the paper? c. Texture of the paper? d. Thickness of the paper? 2. What will be the effect of the pulverized coconut shell on the art papers in terms of: a. Durability of the paper? b. Color of the paper? c. Texture of the paper? d. Thickness of the paper? 3. Are there significant differences between the product and any commercial art paper in terms of: a. Durability of the paper? b. Color of the paper? c. Texture of the paper? d. Thickness of the paper? HYPOTHESIS 1. The use of pulverized coconut shell as an alternative material in making art paper will not affect the color, durability and texture of the art paper. 2. There is no effect on the color, durability and texture of the art paper when pulverized coconut shell is used. 3. There is no significant difference between the product and any commercial art paper. SCOPE AND DELIMITATION The study focuses on making art paper form pulverized coconut shell. The study aims to look for alternative material in making art paper to decrease the cutting of trees where papers come from. The study will be conducted within the campus of BHC. The selection of respondents are only limited to high school students, specifically, students who are wide users of art paper. This study will be conducted from June 2010 until March 2011. Our study does not offer a solution for the excessive cutting of trees. It will only help lower the chance of such activities. This study is just an experiment to test if pulverized coconut shell can be use as an alternative material in making art paper.